{"id":4645,"date":"2016-03-25T14:09:00","date_gmt":"2016-03-25T13:09:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/?p=4645"},"modified":"2021-03-25T07:13:43","modified_gmt":"2021-03-25T06:13:43","slug":"actu-jurisprudence-article-212-9-conforme-constitution","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/?p=4645","title":{"rendered":"ACTU | JURISPRUDENCE : L’article L.212-9 du code du sport est-il conforme \u00e0 la Constitution ?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Il est assez rare que la Cour de cassation ou le Conseil d\u2019\u00c9tat renvoie au Conseil constitutionnel une question prioritaire de constitutionnalit\u00e9 (QPC) portant sur une disposition l\u00e9gislative du code du sport. La d\u00e9cision rendue par le Conseil d\u2019\u00c9tat le 12 f\u00e9vrier 2021 m\u00e9rite en cela d\u2019\u00eatre signal\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

L\u2019affaire concerne un \u00e9ducateur sportif qui, apr\u00e8s avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 condamn\u00e9 \u00e0 une modeste peine d\u2019amende de 400 euros pour le d\u00e9lit pr\u00e9vu \u00e0 l\u2019article L. 235-1 du code de la route (conduite sous l\u2019emprise d\u2019une substance ou plante class\u00e9e comme stup\u00e9fiant), s\u2019est vu retirer sa carte professionnelle par le pr\u00e9fet de Seine-Saint-Denis sur le fondement de l\u2019article L. 212-9 du code du sport.
Pour rappel, cette disposition pr\u00e9voit que nul ne peut exercer les fonctions vis\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019article L. 212-1 du code du sport (enseignement, animation, encadrement d\u2019une activit\u00e9 physique ou sportive ou entra\u00eenement de ses pratiquants), \u00e0 titre r\u00e9mun\u00e9r\u00e9 ou b\u00e9n\u00e9vole, s\u2019il a fait l\u2019objet d\u2019une condamnation pour certaines infractions p\u00e9nales (dont celle vis\u00e9e ci-dessus et qui figure au 7\u00b0 de l\u2019article L. 212-9).<\/p>\n

Interdit d\u2019exercer son activit\u00e9 professionnelle de \u00ab coach sportif \u00bb, l\u2019int\u00e9ress\u00e9 a saisi le juge des r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9s du tribunal administratif de Montreuil aux fins d\u2019obtenir la suspension de cette d\u00e9cision pr\u00e9fectorale. Ce dernier ayant rejet\u00e9 sa demande et refus\u00e9 de transmettre au Conseil d\u2019\u00c9tat la question de la conformit\u00e9 \u00e0 la Constitution de l\u2019article L. 212-9 du code du sport, il a form\u00e9 un pourvoi devant le Conseil d\u2019\u00c9tat, pourvoi dans lequel il fait reproche au juge des r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9s d\u2019avoir commis une erreur de quali\u0002fication en refusant de transmettre la QPC.
Selon lui, en instituant une incapacit\u00e9 professionnelle automatique et perp\u00e9tuelle d\u2019exercice de la profession d\u2019\u00e9ducateur sportif du fait de condamnations p\u00e9nales, sans prise en compte de la gravit\u00e9 des condamnations ni des conditions d\u2019exercice des fonctions, l\u2019article L. 212-9 susvis\u00e9 porte une atteinte injustifi\u00e9e et manifestement disproportionn\u00e9e \u00e0 la libert\u00e9 d\u2019entreprendre.
Le Conseil d\u2019\u00c9tat lui donne raison. Il estime que les conditions de recevabilit\u00e9 de la QPC sont r\u00e9unies en l\u2019esp\u00e8ce. Les hauts magistrats rel\u00e8vent ainsi, d\u2019une part, que les dispositions de l\u2019article L. 212-9 7\u00b0 du code du sport n\u2019ont pas d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9clar\u00e9es conformes \u00e0 la Constitution, d\u2019autre part, que le juge des r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9s a commis effectivement une erreur de qualification en estimant que la question de la proportionnalit\u00e9 des atteintes que ces dispositions portent \u00e0 la libert\u00e9 d\u2019entreprendre, qui d\u00e9coule de l\u2019article 4 de la D\u00e9claration des droits de l\u2019homme et du citoyen, \u00e9tait d\u00e9pourvue de caract\u00e8re s\u00e9rieux.<\/p>\n

Il n\u2019est \u00e9videmment pas certain que les dispositions en cause seront jug\u00e9es contraire \u00e0 la Constitution par le Conseil constitutionnel. Toutefois, si cela venait \u00e0 \u00eatre le cas, il en r\u00e9sulterait une fragilisation du dispositif l\u00e9gislatif sur les incapacit\u00e9s d\u2019exercice attach\u00e9es \u00e0 la profession d\u2019\u00e9ducateur sportif. Le l\u00e9gislateur s\u2019en trouverait dans l\u2019obligation de modifier la loi pour temp\u00e9rer sa rigueur actuelle.<\/p>\n

Il est vrai que si certaines condamnations peuvent \u00e9ventuellement justifier une interdiction perp\u00e9tuelle d\u2019enseigner ou d\u2019encadrer une activit\u00e9 physique ou sportive, y compris \u00e0 titre b\u00e9n\u00e9vole, il en est d\u2019autres pour lesquelles cette sanction appara\u00eet effectivement disproportionn\u00e9e\u2026<\/p>\n

Toujours est-il que le Conseil d\u2019\u00c9tat, r\u00e9glant l\u2019affaire au titre de la proc\u00e9dure de r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9 engag\u00e9e, consid\u00e8re que le requ\u00e9rant est fond\u00e9 \u00e0 solliciter la suspension de l\u2019ex\u00e9cution de la d\u00e9cision litigieuse. Outre la condition d\u2019urgence, satisfaite d\u00e8s lors que ladite d\u00e9cision a pour effet d\u2019emp\u00eacher l\u2019int\u00e9ress\u00e9 d\u2019exercer son activit\u00e9 professionnelle et de le priver de sa seule source de revenus, le Conseil d\u2019\u00c9tat rel\u00e8ve que le moyen tir\u00e9 de ce que les dispositions du 7\u00b0 de l\u2019article L. 212-9 du code du sport portent une atteinte disproportionn\u00e9e \u00e0 la libert\u00e9 d\u2019entreprendre est de nature \u00e0 cr\u00e9er un doute s\u00e9rieux quant \u00e0 la l\u00e9galit\u00e9 de la d\u00e9cision contest\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/h4>\n

Franck LAGARDE<\/a><\/h4>\n

[CE 12 f\u00e9vr. 2021, n\u00b0 443673]<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Il est assez rare que la Cour de cassation ou le Conseil d\u2019\u00c9tat renvoie au Conseil constitutionnel une question prioritaire de constitutionnalit\u00e9 (QPC) portant sur une disposition l\u00e9gislative du code du sport.…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":92,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":"","beyondwords_generate_audio":"","beyondwords_project_id":"","beyondwords_content_id":"","beyondwords_preview_token":"","beyondwords_player_content":"","beyondwords_player_style":"","beyondwords_language_code":"","beyondwords_language_id":"","beyondwords_title_voice_id":"","beyondwords_body_voice_id":"","beyondwords_summary_voice_id":"","beyondwords_error_message":"","beyondwords_disabled":"","beyondwords_delete_content":"","beyondwords_podcast_id":"","beyondwords_hash":"","publish_post_to_speechkit":"","speechkit_hash":"","speechkit_generate_audio":"","speechkit_project_id":"","speechkit_podcast_id":"","speechkit_error_message":"","speechkit_disabled":"","speechkit_access_key":"","speechkit_error":"","speechkit_info":"","speechkit_response":"","speechkit_retries":"","speechkit_status":"","speechkit_updated_at":"","_speechkit_link":"","_speechkit_text":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[91,116,115,118,117,101,93],"class_list":["post-4645","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-non-classifiee","tag-actualite","tag-animation","tag-constitution","tag-encadrement","tag-enseignement","tag-gouvernement","tag-jurisprudence"],"yoast_head":"\nACTU | JURISPRUDENCE : L'article L.212-9 du code du sport est-il conforme \u00e0 la Constitution ? - CDES<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/?p=4645\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"ACTU | JURISPRUDENCE : L'article L.212-9 du code du sport est-il conforme \u00e0 la Constitution ? - CDES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Il est assez rare que la Cour de cassation ou le Conseil d\u2019\u00c9tat renvoie au Conseil constitutionnel une question prioritaire de constitutionnalit\u00e9 (QPC) portant sur une disposition l\u00e9gislative du code du sport.…\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/?p=4645\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"CDES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-03-25T13:09:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-03-25T06:13:43+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Viktoria Rosta\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Viktoria Rosta\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/?p=4645\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/?p=4645\",\"name\":\"ACTU | JURISPRUDENCE : L'article L.212-9 du code du sport est-il conforme \u00e0 la Constitution ? - CDES\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2016-03-25T13:09:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-03-25T06:13:43+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/#\/schema\/person\/3fd95d04f12a9edf5003ec0df19d43bc\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/?p=4645#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/?p=4645\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/?p=4645#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Accueil\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"ACTU | JURISPRUDENCE : L’article L.212-9 du code du sport est-il conforme \u00e0 la Constitution ?\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/\",\"name\":\"CDES\",\"description\":\"Centre de Droit et d'Economie du Sport\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/#\/schema\/person\/3fd95d04f12a9edf5003ec0df19d43bc\",\"name\":\"Viktoria Rosta\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/139dff69b1764c6ee4a6645c2ecf0b8ba8c5951b492b44d8858b07f7c293c210?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/139dff69b1764c6ee4a6645c2ecf0b8ba8c5951b492b44d8858b07f7c293c210?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Viktoria Rosta\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/?author=92\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"ACTU | JURISPRUDENCE : L'article L.212-9 du code du sport est-il conforme \u00e0 la Constitution ? - CDES","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/?p=4645","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"ACTU | JURISPRUDENCE : L'article L.212-9 du code du sport est-il conforme \u00e0 la Constitution ? - CDES","og_description":"Il est assez rare que la Cour de cassation ou le Conseil d\u2019\u00c9tat renvoie au Conseil constitutionnel une question prioritaire de constitutionnalit\u00e9 (QPC) portant sur une disposition l\u00e9gislative du code du sport.…","og_url":"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/?p=4645","og_site_name":"CDES","article_published_time":"2016-03-25T13:09:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2021-03-25T06:13:43+00:00","author":"Viktoria Rosta","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u00c9crit par":"Viktoria Rosta","Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/?p=4645","url":"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/?p=4645","name":"ACTU | JURISPRUDENCE : L'article L.212-9 du code du sport est-il conforme \u00e0 la Constitution ? - CDES","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/#website"},"datePublished":"2016-03-25T13:09:00+00:00","dateModified":"2021-03-25T06:13:43+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/#\/schema\/person\/3fd95d04f12a9edf5003ec0df19d43bc"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/?p=4645#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/cdes.fr\/?p=4645"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/?p=4645#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Accueil","item":"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"ACTU | JURISPRUDENCE : L’article L.212-9 du code du sport est-il conforme \u00e0 la Constitution ?"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/#website","url":"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/","name":"CDES","description":"Centre de Droit et d'Economie du Sport","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/#\/schema\/person\/3fd95d04f12a9edf5003ec0df19d43bc","name":"Viktoria Rosta","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/139dff69b1764c6ee4a6645c2ecf0b8ba8c5951b492b44d8858b07f7c293c210?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/139dff69b1764c6ee4a6645c2ecf0b8ba8c5951b492b44d8858b07f7c293c210?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Viktoria Rosta"},"url":"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/?author=92"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4645","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/92"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4645"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4645\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4645"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4645"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4645"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}