{"id":17032,"date":"2025-04-30T17:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-04-30T15:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/?p=17032"},"modified":"2025-04-25T15:56:56","modified_gmt":"2025-04-25T13:56:56","slug":"articles-avril-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/?p=17032","title":{"rendered":"Articles Avril 2025"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"17032\" class=\"elementor elementor-17032\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"penci-section penci-disSticky penci-structure-10 elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-45cbd46 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"45cbd46\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"penci-ercol-100 penci-ercol-order-1 penci-sticky-ct    elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f4a0d3e\" data-id=\"f4a0d3e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"penci-section penci-disSticky penci-structure-20 elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-9c5ae7a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9c5ae7a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"penci-ercol-50 penci-ercol-order-1 penci-sticky-ct    elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-c3e071c\" data-id=\"c3e071c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13c5215 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"13c5215\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Auteur.ices-edito-12.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-17038\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Auteur.ices-edito-12.png 400w, https:\/\/cdes.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Auteur.ices-edito-12-200x300.png 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"penci-ercol-50 penci-ercol-order-2 penci-sticky-ct    elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3255587\" data-id=\"3255587\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a60f6cd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a60f6cd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>MMA :\u00a0des visions inconciliables<\/strong><\/p><p>Le mixed martial arts (MMA), depuis son introduction en France, soul\u00e8ve de multiples controverses entre partisans et opposants \u00e0 cette conception des arts martiaux. Si, du c\u00f4t\u00e9 des d\u00e9tracteurs, le discours repose essentiellement sur la nature barbare du MMA, ses d\u00e9fenseurs crient au contraire \u00e0 l\u2019instrumentalisation de la violence apparente du MMA. Cette d\u00e9nonciation serait l\u00e0 pour masquer les craintes en mati\u00e8re \u00e9conomique et sociale des opposants [&#8230;].\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9f61eed elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"9f61eed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/JS262-03.png\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Article entier ici<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-af0d819 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"af0d819\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-383b190 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"383b190\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Textes<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"penci-section penci-disSticky penci-structure-20 elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-a0eb035 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a0eb035\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"penci-ercol-50 penci-ercol-order-1 penci-sticky-ct    elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-636d8b4\" data-id=\"636d8b4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-94980d3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"94980d3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3><strong><span style=\"color: #16144e;\">Vers une r\u00e9forme <\/span><span style=\"color: #00dc8c;\">de l&rsquo;organisation et du contr\u00f4le du sport professionnel ?<\/span><\/strong><\/h3><p>Monsieur Laurent Lafon, s\u00e9nateur, a d\u00e9pos\u00e9 au S\u00e9nat, le 18 mars 2025, une proposition de loi (PPL) relative \u00e0 l\u2019organisation, \u00e0 la gestion et au financement du sport professionnel. Cette proposition intervient quelques mois apr\u00e8s la remise, le 29 octobre dernier, du rapport de la mission d\u2019information sur l\u2019intervention des fonds d\u2019investissement dans le football professionnel fran\u00e7ais. Elle intervient \u00e9galement alors m\u00eame que d\u00e9butent les travaux des \u00e9tats g\u00e9n\u00e9raux du football appel\u00e9s \u00e0 r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir \u00e0 la gouvernance, au contr\u00f4le financier et la strat\u00e9gie du football professionnel fran\u00e7ais.\u00a0[&#8230;]<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b6dc06b elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"b6dc06b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/JS262-06.png\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Article entier ici<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"penci-ercol-50 penci-ercol-order-2 penci-sticky-ct    elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-02edf73\" data-id=\"02edf73\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e9f323 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1e9f323\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"528\" height=\"388\" src=\"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/texte-0425.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-17053\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/texte-0425.png 528w, https:\/\/cdes.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/texte-0425-300x220.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 528px) 100vw, 528px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ba226f elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"4ba226f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3818f64 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3818f64\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jurisprudence<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"penci-section penci-disSticky penci-structure-20 elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-4c5c453 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4c5c453\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"penci-ercol-50 penci-ercol-order-1 penci-sticky-ct    elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-0ac3c19\" data-id=\"0ac3c19\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dd90b28 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"dd90b28\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"528\" height=\"388\" src=\"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/VISUELS-NL-3.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-17057\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/VISUELS-NL-3.png 528w, https:\/\/cdes.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/VISUELS-NL-3-300x220.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 528px) 100vw, 528px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"penci-ercol-50 penci-ercol-order-2 penci-sticky-ct    elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7f69890\" data-id=\"7f69890\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96bcae1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"96bcae1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3><strong><span style=\"color: #16144e;\">CJUE :\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: #00dc8c;\">crit\u00e8res d&rsquo;appr\u00e9ciation des clauses abusives dans les contrats es jeunes sportifs<\/span><\/strong><\/h3><p>En 2009, un jeune basketteur de 17 ans, repr\u00e9sent\u00e9 par ses parents, a conclu un contrat avec une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 ayant pour objet d\u2019assurer le d\u00e9veloppement des sportifs en Lettonie. Ce contrat, d\u2019une dur\u00e9e de 15 ans, pr\u00e9voyait un certain nombre de services au profit du joueur afin de l\u2019accompagner dans sa carri\u00e8re. En contrepartie, le sportif s\u2019engageait, s\u2019il devenait professionnel, \u00e0 verser \u00e0 la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 10% de l\u2019ensemble de ses revenus li\u00e9s au basket-ball sur toute la dur\u00e9e du contrat. Le sportif \u00e9tant devenu professionnel [&#8230;]<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c2ba5f1 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"c2ba5f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/JS262-08.png\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Article entier ici<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-302ec2a elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"302ec2a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b842241 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b842241\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00c9conomie<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"penci-section penci-disSticky penci-structure-20 elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-cb7a8ec elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"cb7a8ec\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"penci-ercol-50 penci-ercol-order-1 penci-sticky-ct    elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-9ea1828\" data-id=\"9ea1828\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-abbae94 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"abbae94\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3><strong><span style=\"color: #16144e;\">Paris 2024 : <\/span><span style=\"color: #00dc8c;\">un programme d&rsquo;\u00e9valuation en or<\/span><\/strong><\/h3><p>La D\u00e9l\u00e9gation interminist\u00e9rielle aux Jeux olympiques et paralympiques (DIJOP) a organis\u00e9 le 2 avril dernier un colloque d\u00e9di\u00e9 au tr\u00e8s ambitieux programme de 14 \u00e9tudes d\u2019\u00e9valuation qu\u2019elle coordonne depuis plusieurs ann\u00e9es sur les Jeux de Paris 2024. Cet \u00e9v\u00e8nement a permis aux commanditaires et\/ou aux prestataires en charge de pr\u00e9senter leurs r\u00e9sultats (pour les \u00e9tudes termin\u00e9es), donner des tendances (pour celles en passe d\u2019\u00eatre achev\u00e9es) ou dresser des perspectives (pour les derni\u00e8res dont la r\u00e9alisation s\u2019inscrit sur le temps long).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c70454b elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"c70454b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/JS262-10.png\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Article entier ici<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"penci-ercol-50 penci-ercol-order-2 penci-sticky-ct    elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-e6d6844\" data-id=\"e6d6844\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7368e8c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7368e8c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"528\" height=\"388\" src=\"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/ECO-0425.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-17055\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/ECO-0425.png 528w, https:\/\/cdes.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/ECO-0425-300x220.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 528px) 100vw, 528px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2851413 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"2851413\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bc01332 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"bc01332\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-md\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Abonnez-vous \u00e0 Jurisport<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>MMA :\u00a0des visions inconciliables Le mixed martial arts (MMA), depuis son introduction en France, soul\u00e8ve de multiples controverses entre partisans et opposants \u00e0 cette conception des arts martiaux. Si, du c\u00f4t\u00e9 des&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":92,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":"","beyondwords_generate_audio":"1","beyondwords_project_id":"45814","beyondwords_content_id":"e68585c1-b629-4b2b-a882-85fc358d1712","beyondwords_preview_token":"18b598ab-5bcc-4241-99df-03ba8cd13a96","beyondwords_player_content":"","beyondwords_player_style":"","beyondwords_language_code":"","beyondwords_language_id":"","beyondwords_title_voice_id":"","beyondwords_body_voice_id":"","beyondwords_summary_voice_id":"","beyondwords_error_message":"","beyondwords_disabled":"","beyondwords_delete_content":"","beyondwords_podcast_id":"e68585c1-b629-4b2b-a882-85fc358d1712","beyondwords_hash":"","publish_post_to_speechkit":"","speechkit_hash":"","speechkit_generate_audio":"","speechkit_project_id":"","speechkit_podcast_id":"","speechkit_error_message":"","speechkit_disabled":"","speechkit_access_key":"","speechkit_error":"","speechkit_info":"","speechkit_response":"","speechkit_retries":"","speechkit_status":"","speechkit_updated_at":"","_speechkit_link":"","_speechkit_text":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17032","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-non-classifiee"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.3.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Articles Avril 2025 - CDES<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cdes.fr\/?p=17032\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Articles Avril 2025 - CDES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"MMA :\u00a0des visions inconciliables Le mixed martial arts (MMA), depuis son introduction en France, soul\u00e8ve de multiples controverses entre partisans et opposants \u00e0 cette conception des arts martiaux. 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